U.S. Department of Justice
Federal Bureau of Investigation
FBI Academy Library
Quantico, Virginia 22135

 

Subject Bibliography

 
INTERVIEWING & INTERROGATION
 
 
11/2004
 
  Adams, Susan H. "Statement Analysis Beyond the Words." FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin (April 2004): pp. 22-23.
Abstract: Adams discusses the process of analyzing statements, known as statement analysis, which is the examination of the verbatim words used by suspects and alleged victims to gain valuable insight for planning interview strategies.

Anonymous. "Lights, Camera, Interrogation." Law Enforcement News (January 15-January 31, 2003): pp. 591-92.
Abstract: Police in Washington DC, will soon be required by law to videotape the interrogations of individuals suspected of having committed violent offenses, under provisions of a bill enacted by the District Council. Although video and audio taping is used extensively by investigators, it is only recently that jurisdictions have considered following Minnesota's lead in making it law.

Bourg, Wendy, et al. A Child Interviewer's Guidebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1999. Call Number: HV 8079.C46W55 2001
Abstract: The primary purpose of these guidelines is to promote consistency in the quality of care provided to children when they are evaluated for possible abuse. These guidelines were written as part of a training package designed to provide child abuse evaluators with essential educational resources.

Buckley, Joseph P. Interviewing & Interrogation. Minneapolis, MN: The Reid Technique. Law Enforcement Resource Center, 1991. Call Number: HV 8073.I57 1991 AV
Abstract: This video discusses the nine steps of interrogation, the psychology of interviewing and verbal behavior analysis.

Canter, David and Laurence Alison. Interviewing and Deception. Brookfield, VT: Ashgate, 1999. Call Number: HV 8073.I567 1999
Abstract: Provides a foundation for investigative psychology contributions to the police collection and assessment of accounts of crime.

Drizin, Steven A. and Beth A. Colgan. "Let the Cameras Roll: Mandatory Videotaping of Interrogations is the Solution to Illinois' Problem of False Confessions." Loyola University of Chicago Law Journal (Winter 2001): pp. 337-422. Notes: Available full text on Westlaw
Abstract: This article examines the history of problematic interrogations in Illinois, in part by detailing a number of cases to show the importance of requiring the electronic recording of interrogations. It then follows the path of the proposed videotaping legislation through its many revisions to its ultimate demise. It is the authors' hope that this case study of Illinois' recent experience can better prepare other proponents of videotaping interrogations for their own struggles to improve their state criminal justice systems.

Geller, William A. Police Videotaping of Suspect Interrogations and Confessions: A Preliminary Examination of Issues and Practices. Washington, DC: Police Executive Research Forum, 1992. Call Number: HV 7936.V5G452 1992
Abstract: Focuses on issues raised pertaining to policy and procedures employed in connection with videotaping of confessions or interrogations, and on predictions and counter predictions as to possible impact of videotaping on criminal justice processes and outcomes.

Gordon, Nathan J. and William L. Fleisher. Effective Interviewing & Interrogation Techniques. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 2002. Call Number: HV 8073.G67 2002
Abstract: Presents a straightforward method for interviewing witnesses and victims and accurately identifying them as truthful or untruthful. Instead of relying on intuition or a "gut feeling," you will learn how to utilize four types of questions and apply accurate assessments of nonverbal behavior and unwitting verbal clues.

Granhag, Par Anders and Leif A. Stromwall. "Deception Detection: Interrogators' and Observers' Decoding of Consecutive Statements." Journal of Psychology (November 2001): pp. 603-20. Notes: Available full text on Wilsonweb
Abstract: This study is an examination of two forensically important but previously neglected issues in interpersonal deception. First, which cues do lie catchers, who have access to repeated interrogations pay attention to in order to detect deception? Second, do face-to-face interacting interrogators differ from no interacting observers in terms of how they perceive a suspect? The results of the experiment showed that consistency over time was by far the most commonly used cue for justifying veracity judgments.

Gudjonsson, Gisli H. The Psychology of Interrogations and Confessions. London, UK: Wiley, 2003. Call Number: HV 8073.G889 2003
Abstract: A comprehensive and authoritative handbook that demonstrates the crucial relationship between research and practice. It demonstrates how different legal systems approach, view and evaluate disputed confession evidence and expert testimony, providing material of international significance.

Hall. Michael. "Under the Gun." Texas Monthly (January 2001): pp. 109-15.
Notes: Available full text on Wilsonweb
Abstract: Austin police coerce confessions from suspects in murder of teenage girls in 1991

Hanks, Emily R. "Body Language: Should Physical Responses to Interrogation Be Admissible Under Miranda?" Virginia Journal of Social Policy & the Law (Fall 2003): pp. 89-128. Notes: Available full text on Wilsonweb
Abstract: Following the Supreme Court's ruling in Miranda v. Arizona, legal scholars, social scientists, and practitioners have all sought to measure what, if any, effect the landmark decision has had on police and courtroom practice. Many scholars agree that coercive practices continue. In fact, some commentators argue that police deliberately flout the Supreme Court's decision in Miranda by interrogating suspects "outside Miranda." This phrase refers to the practice of interrogating suspects, despite a valid invocation of their Miranda rights, in order to use statements for investigative purposes or for use as impeachment material. While statements made after invocation cannot be used in the prosecution's case-in-chief, they are still a powerful tool for obtaining admissible evidence or building a record of inconsistent statements by the defendant.

Hess, John E. Interviewing and Interrogation for Law Enforcement. Cincinnati, OH: Anderson, 1997. Call Number: HV 8073.H38 1997
Abstract: Dispels some of the mystery surrounding the interview process by sharing techniques and ideas that others have used successfully through the years.

Higgins, Michael. "Taping Police Interrogations May End the Lies With Irrefutable Evidence." ABA Journal (May 1998): pp. 18-19.
Abstract: Some police departments require officers to tape interrogations that they conduct at the police station. But law enforcement agencies generally balk at an across-the-board taping.

Holmes, Warren D. Criminal Interrogation. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, 2002. Call Number: HV 8073.H625 2002
Abstract: Includes a step-by-step procedure for interrogation from the moment the suspect enters the interrogation room to the time he leaves. It will also help interrogators to keep from running out of things to say to a suspect by providing suggested interrogational arguments for specific crimes.

Hyde, Jim. Interviewing Techniques. National Audiovisual , 1996.
Call Number: HV 8073.I573 1996 AV Notes: 40 min.
Abstract: A training video for law enforcement officers on the proper way to conduct an investigative interview.

Inbau, Fred E., et al. Criminal Interrogation and Confessions. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen, 2001. Call Number: HV 8073.I43 2001
Abstract: Presents techniques that are based on actual criminal cases and have been used successfully by thousands of criminal investigators. This practical, step-by-step text is built around basic psychological principles and examines interrogation as a nine-step process that is easily understood.

Inbau, Fred E., et al. Essentials of the Reid Technique: Criminal Interrogation and Confessions. Boston, MA: Jones and Bartlett, 2005. Call Number: HV 8073.E83 2005
Abstract: Teaches readers how to identify and interpret verbal and nonverbal behaviors of deceptive or truthful people, and how to move toward obtaining solid confessions from guilty persons using the Reid Technique. The Reid technique is built around basic psychological principles and presents interrogation as an easily understood nine-step process.

Krzewinski, Lisa M. "But I Didn't Do It: Protecting the Rights of Juveniles During Interrogation." Boston College Third World Law Journal (Spring 2002): pp. 355-89. Notes: Available full text on Westlaw
Abstract: To increase the reliability of confessions and prevent false confessions altogether, interrogators need to cease using the same interrogation tactics, such as leading questions and the presentation of false evidence, on juveniles as they do on adults.

Lynn, Koller. "To Catch a Liar." The Internal Auditor (October 2002): pp. 42-7.
Notes: Available full text on Westlaw
Abstract: In a fraud investigation, auditors are required to identify, interview, and interrogate employees who are suspected of committing workplace transgressions. As most suspects are not eager to confess to illicit behavior, auditors may have to detect lies through verbal and nonverbal clues, piecing them together one by one with the ultimate goal being a confession. However, because interrogation laws vary from country to country, auditors will have to ensure that they are in compliance with the relevant laws before starting any questioning.

McClish, Mark. I Know You Are Lying. Winterville, NC: PoliceEmployment.com, 2001. Call Number: HV 8078.M33 2001
Abstract: This book will show you what to look for in a verbal and written statement to determine if a person is telling the truth. Whether you are conducting an interview or listening to a conversation, through statement analysis you will be able to discover who is being truthful and who is being deceptive.

Milne, Rebecca and Ray Bull. Investigative Interviewing: Psychology and Practice. New York: Wiley, 1999. Call Number: HV 8073.M56 1999
Abstract: Provides a comprehensive review of the growing research literature on interviewing, both of suspects and witnesses. It describes specialized techniques for interviewing vulnerable witnesses such as children, the mentally ill and those with learning difficulties. In contrast to conventional police manuals, it places interviewing firmly within a psychological framework, informed by research on the nature of memory on the one hand and social psychology on the other.

Napier, Michael R. and Susan H. Adams. "Criminal Confessions: Overcoming the Challenges." FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin (November 2002): pp. 9-15.
Abstract: Widely used law enforcement interview and interrogation techniques recently have come under scrutiny. Fundamental interview and interrogation principles can counter the criticisms, however, and safeguard the confessions by compiling solid, incriminating evidence.

O'Neal, Scott. "Interviewing Self-Confident Con Artists." FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin (March 2001): pp. 16-21.
Abstract: O'Neal discusses methods for law enforcement officers to use when interviewing and interrogating self-confident con artists and other criminals. Due to a general lack of regard for the abilities of others, these subjects do not fear interrogation by law enforcement and their willingness to talk freely makes them overconfident, which provides an opportunity for a prepared investigator.

Russell, Malcolm and Coetzee Clifton. Truth Extraction: How to Read Between the Lies. United Kingdom: Spearhead Press, 2000. Call Number: HV 8078.R98 2000
Abstract: Identifies and explains the clear and unmistakable signs to look for whenever the need for the truth is an imperative, and particular case studies amplify the techniques used.

Sandoval, Vincent A. "Strategies to Avoid Interview Contamination." FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin October 2003: pp. 1-12.
Abstract: Strategies that might help law enforcement interviewers refrain from "contaminating" an interview by negatively influencing the process or leading a subject in a specific direction are outlined.

Shuy, Roger W. The Language of Confession, Interrogation, and Deception. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1998. Call Number: HV 8073.S437 1998
Abstract: The focus of this book is on the elicitation of confessions by the police and how such confessions are interpreted. One might assume that a confession is a confession---nothing more, nothing less. But life is never that simple. Law enforcement is obliged to follow certain rules in obtaining a confession; otherwise, the event can be judged invalid. Because much of the language used in everyday interaction is less than precise, we can also predict that different listeners may understand words in different ways. The real world of police confessions, despite the training of interrogators, often yields confessions that do not signify what the police may think.

Vessel, David. "Conducting Successful Interrogations." FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin (October 1998): pp. 1-6.
Abstract: Interrogators can take a number of steps to improve their chances of conducting successful interrogations. These include preparing for the interrogation by selecting the right setting and learning about the background of suspects, understanding the difference between interrogations and interviews, developing themes and arguments to encourage subjects to tell the truth and establishing a good relationship with subjects.

Vrij, Aldert. Detecting Lies and Deceit. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2000.
Call Number: HV 8978.V75 2000
Abstract: Covers all aspects of deception, non-verbal clues, speech and written statement analysis and physiological responses. Focuses on the behavior and perceptions of the observer, which can hinder the process.

Williams, George T. "Interviewing Officers Involved in a Deadly Force Event." Law & Order (May 1999): pp. 38+.
Abstract: Typically following an officer involved shooting (OIS), a police investigator interviews the involved officer to gain the officer's observations and reasoning for his actions. This interview is crucial to the investigation, and it is vital to understand how employment of deadly force, the circumstances forcing the officer to shoot another person, affects officers.

Williams, James W. "Interrogating Justice: A Critical Analysis of the Police Interrogation and Its Role in the Criminal Justice Process." Canadian Journal of Criminology (April 2000): pp. 209-40.
Abstract: Drawing upon the research literature in Britain, the United States, and Canada, the police interrogation will be conceptualized as interactional medium in which commitments are fashioned to particular criminal identities and renditions of events in a manner that seeks to confirm and legitimate official police narratives. The implications of this constitutive, rather than merely coercive, function of the interrogation will be examined with particular attention to the issues of police accountability, and the limits of legislative reform.

Yeschke, Charles L. The Art of Investigative Interviewing. Newton, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1997. Call Number: HV 8073.Y475 1997
Abstract: Written for people involved in any way, in investigative interviewing. It is useful for anyone seeking a better way to gain testimonial evidence.

________. Interviewing: A Forensic Guide to Interrogation. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, 1993. Call Number: HV 8073.Y47 1993
Abstract: Interviewing is a complex topic formed from many creative ideas. This book is intended to assist in training the world's best investigators as they serve their communities.