Alexander, Claire E. The Asian Gang. New York: Berg, 2000. Call Number: HV 6439.G72A44 2000
Abstract: This book attempts to explore the complex mythologies and realities of contemporary Asian youth experience. Taking the 'gang' at its starting point, the study examines the interaction of representation and reality, ethnicity and masculinity in a textured, in-depth and personal perspective that challenges traditional views on Asian communities and identities.

Allender, David M. "Gangs in Middle America: Are They a Threat?" FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin (December 2001): pp. 1-9.
Abstract: Allender presents an examination of gang history, gang migration and gang structure, along with the efforts of law enforcement to combat and prevent gangs. He offers a review of Indianaoplis, Indiania's experience with gangs to illustrate how a "big small town" in the heart of the US can become a new target for gangs from other areas of the country.

________. "Safe Streets Task Force: Cooperation Gets Results." FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin (March 2001): pp. 1-6.
Abstract: Allender discusses the Indianapolis IN Police Department and its cooperative efforts with the FBI and others to shut down the New Breed inner-city gang. Gang members promoted and aided many illegal activities, including drug trafficking and violence. The police department was eventually able to make numerous arrests of gang memmbers.

Bjerregaard, Beth. "Operationalizing Gang Membership: The Impact Measurement on Gender Differences in Gang Self-Identification and Delinquent Involvement." Women & Criminal Justice (June 30, 2002): pp. 79-101.
Abstract: This research examines the extent to which the operationalization of gang membership impacts prevalence rates of both gang membership and delinquent involvement and whether this varies by gender.

Collins, Geneva. "Fighting Gangs: Strategic Targeting Vs. Kitchen Sink Model." Community Links (August 2004): pp. 11-13.
Abstract: In L.A. where gangs are so pervasive, the police department has formed gang impact teams to manage investigations. It gives the teams autonomy to address neighborhood gang problems as they see fit. In contrast to the Loudoun County approach--cross jurisdictional partnerships, preventive measures at schools, more teeth in state legislation . "The kitchen sink model. "Let's throw everything we've got at them.'" Gang size, ethnicity, and mobility help police evaluate thr type of violence and crime these groups will likely take up.

Covey, Herbert C. Street Gangs Throughout the World. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, 2003. Call Number: HV 637.C68 2003
Abstract: This book attempts to summarize much of the research being conducted in many other countries throughout the world where the gang phenomenon is currently developing.

Curry, G. David and et al. "Gang Involvement and Delinquency in a Middle School Population." Justice Quarterly (June 2002): pp. 275-93.
Abstract: The relationship between self-reported gang involvement and self-reported delinquency has been confirmed in a number of studies. However, there have been fewer studies of the relationship between self-reported gang involvement and officially recorded delinquency. This article examines variation in self-reported gang involvement, operationalized as three distinct catergories--no involvement, gang involvement but not membership, and gang membership--and its relation to both self-reported and officially recorded delinquency for a population of middle school youths.

Curry, G. David and Scott H. Decker. Confronting Gangs: Crime and Community. Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury, 2003. Call Number: HV 6439.U5C85 2003
Abstract: focuses on such topics as, number and nature of gangs, the link between gangs and delinquency, female gangs and gang intervention strategy.

Davis, Brandon et al. "Moving at Their Own Risk." The Chicago Reporter (July/August 2004): pp.8-17. Notes: Available full-text on Infotrac
Abstract: The redevelopment of public housing creates new dangers. The demolition of high-rises has squeezed many competing street gangs and drug dealers into tighter spaces in public housing, often with violent results. At the same time, the relocation process has stirred up territorial diaputes, pitting young men with established gang and drug connections against residents from public housing, where different networks controlled the illegal drug market.

Dimitriadis, Greg. Friendship, Cliques, and Gangs. New York: Teachers College Press, 2003.
Call Number: HQ 797.D548 2003
Abstract: Focuses on the importance of "non-traditional" learning settings in the lives of disenfranchised youth, including the complexities of friendships and social networks, the role institutions outside of school play in the development, and the influence of older community mentors.

Domash, Shelly Feuer. "America's Most Dangerous Gang." Police (February 2005): pp. 30-34.
Abstract: Spreading from El Salvador to L.A. and across the United States, Mara Salvatrucha 13 is increasingly well organized and deadly. While the nation focuses on terrorism, the issue of gang violence has taken a lower priority. But to many, the violent acts of MS-13 members are more of an everyday threat that is being overlooked.

________. "Under Siege." Police (January 2003): pp. 24, 26-27.
Abstract: Hempstead NY's police force copes with a daily influx of commuters and nightly gatherings of unruly youths, drug dealers and violent gangs. Policing this diverse community often seems an impossible task, one that is filled with danger for the officers.

Duffy, Maureen P. and eds. Scott Edward Gillig. Teen Gangs: A Global View. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2004. Call Number: HV 6437.T44 2004
Abstract: Gang activity in 14 countries, including the United States, is discussed within the larger framework of social and economic conditions. Each chapter explains the nature of the gang activity in that country; touches on the causes, such as poverty, marginalization, and self-identity problems; and heavily emphasizes the responses, including education and community-based intervention.

Esbensen, Finn-Aage et al. "Youth Gangs and Definitional Issues: When Is a Gang a Gang, and Why Does It Matter?" Crime and Delinquency (January 2001): pp. 105-31.
Abstract: Utilizes a sample of approximately 6,000 middle-school students to examine the youth gang phenomenon using five increasingly restrictive membership definitions. The least restrictive definition includes all youth who claim gang membership at some point in time.

Griffin, Melody and Mike Meachem. "Gangs in Schools: An Introduction to the Problem and Interventions." Annals of the American Psychotherapy Association (July/August 2002): pp. 15-19.
Notes: Available full-text on infotrac
Abstract: Addresses the problems of gang activity in secondary schools. Descriptions of major gangs are included, as well as interventions that are currently being used to combat this growing problem. The problem reaches well beyond the school to the community and has ramifications nationally and internationally.

Katz, Charles M. "The Establishment of a Police Gang Unit: An Examination of Organizational and Environmental Factors." Criminology (February 2001): pp. 37-73.
Abstract: Using a multimethodological research design, Katz examines the factors that shaped a Midwestern police department's response to its community's gang problem. The results lend support for the institutional perspective.

Kontos, Louis, et al, [eds.]. Gangs and Society. New York: Columbia University Press, 2003.
Call Number: HV 6439.U5G3598 2003
Abstract: This collection will show throughout that the complexity of gangs mirrors the complexity of the communities in which they are found.

Langston, Mike. "Addressing the Need for a Uniform Definition of Gang-Involved Crime." FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin (February 2003): pp. 7-11.
Abstract: A key issue in combating youth gangs is providing a uniform definition of them, distinguishing them from troublesome youth groups and adult criminal organizations.

Lemmer, Thomas J. and Rachel M. Johnston. "Reducing Crime Through Juvenile Delinquency Intervention." Police Chief (May 2004): pp. 38 +.
Abstract: The opening of Chicago's first juvenile intervention and support center marks a major turning point that builds upon the Juvenile Gang Intervention Partnership Program, which was first introduced in December 1999 by the Chicago Police Department. Lemmer and Johnston discuss this project, lessons learned and its future direction.

Miller, Jody. One of the Guys: Girls, Gangs, and Gender. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. Call Number: HV 9104.M546 2001
Abstract: Examines the causes, nature, and meaning of female gang involvement. How and why girls join gangs and how gang involvement shapes girl's participation in delinquency and their risk of victiminization.

Miranda, Marie. Homegirls . Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 2003.
Call Number: HV 6439.U7O195 2003
Abstract: The author sheds new light on the politics of gang representation and ethnography, on how inner-city adolescent Chicanas present themselves to various publics, and on how Chicana gangs actually function.

National Drug Intelligence Center. Evolving Role of Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs. Johnstown, PA: National Drug Intelligence Center, 2000. Call Number: HV 6488.E96 2000 Notes: For Official Use Only
Abstract: Outlaw motorcycle gangs are a significant factor in the methamphetamine problem in the United States. Methamphetamine manufacturing and distribution are major sources of income for outlaw motorcycle gangs in at least 47 states. These large, sophisticated criminal organizations are actively increasing membership, changing alliances, and expanding activities both in the United States and abroad. Outlaw motorcycle gang activity will likely contribute to an expansion of methamphetamine operations in the United States.

Petersen, Rebecca D. Understanding Contemporary Gangs in America. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2004. Call Number: HV 6439.U5U53 2004
Abstract: Offers a diversity of gang topics and issues including: understanding and defining gangs; gender issues; race and ethnicity; gangs in prisons and schools; and prevention and intervention programs and policies.

Peterson, Dana, et al. "Gang Membership and Violent Victimization." Justice Quarterly (December 2004): pp. 793-815.
Abstract: Examines the relationship between youth gang membership and violent victimization in a general sample of adolescents.

Schreck, Christopher J., et al. "The Social Context of Violent Victimization: A Study of the Delinquent Peer Effect." Justice Quarterly (March 2004): pp. 23-47.
Abstract: Haynie's (2001) work on the structural dimensions fo peer networks demonstrated how the characteristics of networks may influence individual delinquent behavior. This study extends the network approach to the prediction of violent victimization. The findings indicate that central and popular members of dense conventional groups experienced lower levels of violent victimization, while the opposite was true of similarly situated members of delinquent networks. Implications for victimization and research related to the specification of how delinquent peer associations promote vulnerability are discussed.

Sheehy, Robert D. and Efrain A. Rosario. "Connecting Drug Paraphernalia to Drug Gangs." FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin (February 2003): pp. 1-6.
Abstract: The connection between drug paraphernalia and drug gangs can aid law enforcement agencies in the battle against drug distribution.

Straka, Richard. "The Violence of Hmong Gangs and the Crime of Rape." FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin (February 2003): pp. 12-16.
Abstract: Throughout the US, the number of Hmong gangs and the level of their criminal activity is increasing in severity. The crime of rape , with its violent nature, its strong incorporation into the gang's operational structure, and the serious implications for the victim and the overall Hmong community, represents a particular concern to the law enforcement profession and requires a special focus to find ways of decreasing its occurence.

Valdez, Al. "Biker Gangs: Crime on Wheels." Police (January 2001): pp. 46-48.
Abstract: Outlaw motorcycle gangs have become profilic traders in the drug market. Current estimates indicate that between the US and Canada there are more than 1,000 motorcycle gangs. In the motorcycle gang subculture, certain trends have allowed the gangs to sell and distribute methamphetamine nationally.

________. Gangs: A Guide to Understanding Street Gangs. San Clemente, CA: Law Tech, 2000.
Call Number: HV 6437.V35 2000
Abstract: Presents a system which can be used to examine all types of gangs by noting gang profiles. Not all gangs have the same profile characteristics, nor is the number of characteristics present the determining factor on whether or not a person is a gang member. The profile system is a guide in aiding in the diagnosis of gang activity and membership. This book provides information on the history, progression and activities of street and prison gangs.

Valdez, Al. "How a Group Becomes a Gang." Police (January 2002): pp. 58-60.
Abstract: Valdez discusses how a group becomes a gang. Some street gangs form from a small group of friends, and all too often, a gang influence is introduced into the gruoup that convinces its members to participate in criminal activity.

Valentine, Bill. Gangs and Their Tattoos. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2000. Call Number: HV 6439.U5V355 2000
Abstract: Of all the identifiers used to verify gang membership, tattoos are perhaps the most pervasive and reliable. Not only are they relatively permanent, but they convey a wealth of information about the wearer. Used extensively by gangbangers to announce gang affiliation, tattoos can also denote an individual's rank in the particular gang, his criminal expertise, and , in some cases, specifics such as the number of hits he's performed in service to the gang.

Wood, John. "Hell's Angels and the Illusion of the Counterculture." The Journal of Popular Culture vol. 37, no. 2(2003): pp. 336-51. Notes: Available full text on Infotrac
Abstract: Describes the decade-long love affair between America counterculture and the Hell's Angels and its abrupt end. Gives a brief history of the establishment of the Hell's Angels.