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Birge, Ray. "Balance Is the Key: Conducting
Successful Hostage Negotiations." Law and Order 50, no. 3(March 2002):
102-6.
Abstract: In hostage situations, law enforcement must "exhaust all
reasonable non-violent options." However, an imbalance between tactical
and negotiation teams exists which sometimes hurries the process to rush
toward a solution. The author explains the importance of proper balance
between tactical and negotiation teams, and how rank can inhibit negotiations.
Bohl, Nancy K. "Impact on Crisis Negotiators of Suicide by a Suspect."Suicide
and Law Enforcement Donald C. Sheehan and Janet I. Warren, 557-65. Quantico,
VA: FBI Academy, 2001.
Call Number: J 1.14/2:S 84X
Abstract: Findings of a survey of crisis negotiators regarding their reactions
during and after incidents in which a suspect committed suicide.
Films for the Humanities & Sciences. On the Inside: Hostage Negotiations.
Discovery Channel. Discovery Channel University. 2001.
Call Number: A-V HV 6431 .H679 2001
Abstract: This film looks at the difficult jobs of hostage negotiators
and their successes in the past 30 years. Detailed analysis is made of
the incidents at Waco, Texas, and Lucasville Prison in Ohio. Extensive
commentary is made by two of the field's foremost experts, Gary Noesner
of the FBI, and Frank Bolz of the NYPD.
Greenstone, James L., ed. Journal of Police Crisis Negotiations. Binghamton,
NY: The Haworth Press, Inc..
Abstract: A semiannual journal with an editorial staff of experienced
professionals in the law enforcement negotiation field. Covers diverse
aspects of crisis negotiation. Includes abstracts with each article, editorials,
book reviews, and a list of upcoming articles.
History Channel. Hostage Negotiators. A&E Televisions Networks. Dangerous
Missions. New Video, 2002.
Call Number: A-V HV 6431 .H78 2002
Abstract: Explains the role of hostage negotiators in keeping hostages
alive. Discusses the real hostage situations of the Branch Davidians,
the Montana Freeman, and Joseph Chester Palcznski, Jr.
Hodgson, Jane. Thinking on Your Feet in Negotiations: New Approaches
to Creative Thinking and Problem Solving. New York, NY: Prentice Hall,
2000.
Call Number: HD 58.6 .H63x 2000
Abstract: Although not written from a law enforcement perspective, nor
geared towards crisis negotiations, contains very good practical information
on negotiating.
Lancely, Frederick J. On-Scene Guide for Crisis Negotiators. Boca Raton,
FL: CRC Press, 1999.
Call Number: HV 6595 .L36 1999
Abstract: Written by a retired FBI Agent who was the principle developer
of the FBI's crisis negotiation training course. It has chapters dedicated
to different crisis situations, sieges, crisis intervention, active listening,
suicide intervention, hostage negotiation, and abnormal psychology. The
author includes a suicide intervention flow chart, an interview guide
for investigators, overview of active listening techniques, and a negotiator's
view of the incident at Ruby Ridge, which contains dialogue between the
negotiators and Randy Weaver.
McMains, Michael J. and Wayman C. Mullins. Crisis Negotiations: Managing
Critical Incidents and Hostage Situations in Law Enforcement and Corrections.
Cincinnati, OH: Anderson Publishing Co., 2001.
Call Number: HV 6598 .M35 2001
Abstract: A comprehensive text on crisis negotiations. Very rich in information
and written in "textbook style." Each chapter begins with a
list of learning objectives, includes a summary and list of references,
and ends with discussion questions. Uses case studies, charts, graphs,
and statistics to illustrate points, and includes everything from the
basics to the Stockholm Syndrome, ending with a chapter on post-incident
debriefing.
Misino, Dominick J. "Crisis Negotiators: No Rules in the Life Saving
Game." Journal of Counterterrorism & Homeland Security Int'l
8, no. 2(2002): 40-42.
Abstract: Describes the role of law enforcement crisis negotiators through
a hostage-taking situation in New York City.
Monahan Thomas F. "Suicide by Cop: Strategies for Crisis Negotiators
and First Responders."Suicide and Law Enforcement Donald C. Sheehan
and Janet I. Warren, 637-46. Quantico, VA: Behavioral Science Unit, 2001.
Call Number: J 1.14/2:S 84X
Abstract: Provides an overview of why some people attempt to force police
officers to kill them as a means of committing suicide. It discusses the
initial response by officers at the scene, negotiation strategy, and organizational
response.
Noesner, Gary W. "Negotiation Concepts for Commanders." FBI
Law Enforcement Bulletin 68, no. 1(January 1999): 11-21.
Abstract: Based on an FBI-developed training course that served as the
template for the resolution of the 81-day Freemen siege and the 7-day
Republic of Texas siege, this article covers the basic principles and
concepts of crisis negotiation.
Noesner, Gary W. and Mike Webster. "Crisis Intervention: Using Active
Listening Skills in Negotiations." FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin 66,
no. 8(August 1997): 13-19.
Abstract: When responding to a crisis situation, negotiators often encounter
one of two types of behavior: Instrumental, which is best handled through
bargaining or problem solving; or expressive, which is best handled through
a strategy of active listening. This article discusses assessing the subject's
behavior and developing negotiating skills.
Pearson, Cecil and Eric Radli. Negotiate! Manage! Survive! Hostage Situations:
From Crisis Intervention to Dealing With Terrorists. San Clemente, CA:
LawTech Publishing Co., Ltd., 1999.
Call Number: HV 6571 .P43 1999
Abstract: This text covers intervention in hostage and other crisis situations
and contains several chapters related solely to negotiations. It discusses
coping mechanisms used by the suspect, three basic concepts of negotiations,
and some basic dos and don'ts for negotiators. Outlines the role of the
negotiator and procedures and principles for negotiating. Also discusses
dealing with the disturbed hostage taker and various mental illnesses,
as well as dealing with the terrorist hostage taker.
Picco, Giandomenico. Man Without a Gun: One Diplomat's Secret Struggle
to Free the Hostages, Fight Terrorism, and End a War. New York, NY: Time
Books, 1999.
Call Number: HV 6431 .P4 1999
Abstract: A real-life account of a diplomat's secret negotiations in the
Middle East. As the chief UN hostage negotiator, Giandomenico Picco negotiated
for the lives of dozens of hostages, including Terry Anderson and Terry
Waite, at the risk of his own life. This is his story of secret meetings,
negotiations, and life or death decisions.
Poland, James M. and Michael J. McCrystle. Practical, Tactical and Legal
Perspectives of Terrorism and Hostage-Taking. Lewiston, NY: The Edwin
Mellen Press, 1999.
Call Number: HV 6431 .P58 1999
Abstract: Written by two criminal justice professors, one of whom is an
FBI SWAT Team veteran and former principal legal advisor, and the other
a former police officer who was a member of both a tactical squad and
civil disturbance unit. While covering a lot of basic aspects of hostage
situations such as negotiations, this book also includes a chapter on
legal considerations and the future of terrorist hostage taking. The chapter
on case study analysis includes such incidents as Ruby Ridge, Waco, and
the Croatian Nationalists skyjacking.
Rogan, Randall G. Mitchell R. Hammer and Clinton R. VanZandt. Dynamic
Processes of Crisis Negotiation. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1997.
Call Number: HV 6595 .D95 1997
Abstract: Contains 12 chapters, contributed by various authors, on different
aspects of crisis negotiation such as post-incident counseling, intercultural
dynamics, negotiating with cults, and updating negotiation techniques
and training.
Romano, Stephen J. "Third-Party Intermediaries and Crisis Negotiations."
FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin 67, no. 10(October 1998): 20-24.
Abstract: Discusses issues regarding the use of third-party intermediaries
as a crisis negotiation technique, for example--when to use them and how
to identify appropriate ones.
Slatkin, Arthur A. "Negotiating Skills: Dealing With an Alcohol-Impaired
Hostage Taker or Barricaded Subject." Law and Order 48, no. 4(April
2000): 123-26.
Abstract: Provides guidelines for negotiating with an alcohol-impaired
hostage-taker or barricaded subject.
Strentz, Thomas and Melinda Voorhies. "Advanced Tactical Negotiating:
Establishing Communications With an Adolescent-Hostage Taker." Law
and Order 47, no. 10(October 1999): 229-32.
Abstract: The teenage years are troubled times for normal teenagers, and
even more so for youths burdened by a dysfunctional family and real physical,
psychological, or social problems. The typical teen has limited crisis
resolution skills. However unreal, illogical, minimal or fictional the
suspect's problem may seen, the trauma is very real to the troubled teenager.
When negotiating with a teen in a hostage or crisis situation it is important
to keep in mind that the negotiator's job consists only of resolving the
immediate confrontation safely and getting him or her into custody. Finding
long-term solutions is better handled by other professionals such as a
psychiatrist or psychologist.
Thompson, Leroy. Hostage Rescue Manual. Mechanisburg, PA: Stackpole Books,
2001.
Call Number: HV 6595 .T49 2001
Abstract: A comprehensive guide to the strategies used in hostage incidents
around the world. The first couple of chapters discuss containing the
incident and gathering intelligence. The third chapter is dedicated to
hostage negotiation. Responsibility for ending the incident rests largely
with the negotiator, whose job it is to unravel the motives of the hostage-taker
and achieve a peaceful solution. When that is not possible, an entry team
and weapon experts must rely on skill and force. In all, this text contains
11 chapters covering the various aspects of hostage rescue. A hostage
negotiator's psychological checklist is included in the appendix.
Towers, Jonathan. The Hostage Takers. Hearst/ABC/NBC Arts & Entertainment
Network. American Justice. New Video Group, 1996.
Call Number: A-V HV 6241 .H67 1996
Abstract: Examines several hostage-taking incidents, including the 1985
Achille Lauro incident, and examines the process of negotiating with the
hostage taker.
Vecchi, Gregory M. "Hostage/Barricade Management: A Hidden Conflict
Within Law Enforcement." FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin 71, no. 5(May
2002): 1-7.
Abstract: Due to competing paradigms over hostage and barricade management,
conflicts can arise between tactical and negotiating teams. The author
explains why this happens, how to reduce the conflict, and how the two
teams can collaborate for a successful outcome.
Watson, E. Ron, ed. The Crisis Negotiator. Doylestown, PA: National Tactical
Officers Association.
Abstract: A quarterly publication of the National Tactical Officers Association.
Features articles written by crisis negotiation professionals.
Wheeler, Michael, ed. Negotiation Journal. Netherlands: Kluwer Academic/Plenum
Publishers.
Abstract: A quarterly publication whose mission is to encourage and search
for the development of better techniques for dealing with differences
through the give-and-take of negotiation.
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